توسعه مدل انتخاب تأمین کنندگان با استفاده از تکنیک تصمیم گیری چندمعیاره فازی با فرض وابستگی معیارها

امانی, حسین; نورنگ, احمد; جهانشاهی, حسن

توسعه مدل انتخاب تأمین کنندگان با استفاده از تکنیک تصمیم گیری چندمعیاره فازی با فرض وابستگی معیارها

نویسندگان

¹ دانشگاه جامع امام حسین(ع)، نویسنده پاسخگو

² دانشگاه جامع امام حسین (ع)

چکیده

با توجه به رقابت شدید، پیشرفت سریع تکنولوژی، چرخه کوتاه تولید و نیاز به خدمت دهی در سطح بالا به مشتری، دیگر شرکتها نمی توانند به تنهایی از عهده همه فعالیت های خود بر آیند به طوری که امروزه رقابت از سطح سازمانها به سطح زنجیره عرضه حرکت کرده است و شاخص خدمات مطلوب در سیستم نظامگرا در طول زنجیره عرضه مورد نظر می باشد. در چارچوب این زنجیره، شرکتها مجبورند قسمتی یا تمامی عملیات تولیدی خود را در خارج از سازمان توسط تأمین کنندگان انجام دهند. در این جاست که شرکتها، تأمین کنندگان خود را به عنوان یکی از حلقه های بسیار مهم زنجیره عرضه تلقی کرده و از این‌رو تأمین کنندگان قسمت عمدهای از انجام عملکردها و فرآیندهای تأثیرگذار بر کیفیت محصول یا خدمات نهایی شرکتها را به عهده دارند. اهمیت مسئله انتخاب تأمین کننده تا آنجاست که پیوند استراتژیک و مناسب با تأمین کنندگان مناسب می تواند موجب رشد و شکوفایی سازمان شود و بالعکس عدم انتخاب درست تأمین کنندگان می تواند موجب رکود و حتی زوال سازمان گردد. در تحقیقات گذشته که با تصمیم‌ گیری چند معیاره و روش های دیگر انجام شده است، معیارهای انتخاب تأمین کننده عمدتاً از یکدیگر مستقل فرض شده‌اند و تأثیر آنها بر یکدیگر و بر فرآیند انتخاب کمتر مورد توجه قرار گرفته شده است. این در حالی است که اغلب معیارها از یکدیگر مستقل نمی‌باشند و اثرات ترکیبی که بر یکدیگر و در نتیجه بر کل فرآیند ارزیابی می‌گذارند باید مد نظر قرار گیرد[1]. در این مقاله روشی برای تصمیم گیری چند معیاره جهت انتخاب تأمین کننده مناسب، پیشنهاد می گردد که علاوه بر وزندهی داده محور و وزن دهی کارشناس محور، به بررسی روابط موجود بین معیارها نیز می پردازد. برای به‌ کارگیری عدم قطعیت موجود در تصمیم‌ گیری و واقعی‌تر شدن نتایج حاصل از آن، اعداد فازی نیز در مدل پیشنهادی به کار گرفته شده است. در این تحقیق فرض بر این است که معیارهای اصلی، مستقل از هم بوده، ماتریس مقایسه به دست آمده از نظرات کارشناسان سازگار و وزن نظرات همه کارشناسان یکسان می باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Development of the Supplier Selection Model by Applying Fuzzy MCDM Technique with Regarding to Criteria Interdependence

چکیده [English]

Due to intense competition, rapid advances in technology, short product cycles and the need to give high levels of customer service, companies can not afford to own all of their activities. So that today the level of competition has moved from companies to the level of supply chain and optimal index in service-oriented systems throughout the supply chain system is desired. Within this chain, companies are forced to do part or all of their manufacturing operations out of the organization by suppliers. This is where companies consider their suppliers, as one of the important supply chain rings. Thus, the suppliers are responsible for the vast majority of processes affecting performance and quality of the final product or service.. In the past, researches that have been done with other methods of multiple criteria decision making, supplier selection criteria are assumed to be largely independent of each other and their impact on each other and selection process, has been little attentioned. While these criteria are often not independent of each other and the combined effects on each other and thus affect the overall evaluation process should be considered.
In this paper, a method for multi-criteria decision making to supplier selection is proposed that In addition to the expert-based and data-based weights, consider the relationship between the criteria. Handling uncertainty in decision-making and realistic results, fuzzy numbers in the proposed model is applied. In this study it is assumed that the primary criteria are independent, compared matrix extracted from the weight of expert opinions are compatible and the weight of opinions of all experts alike are equal.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Supply Chain- Supplier- Supplier Selection- Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM)
Fuzzy Multi Criteria Decision Making (FMCDM)

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